International Journal of Electrical and Computer Science Engineering

The paper proposes an improved approach to locating and categorizing harmonic signals in the power distribution by means of using spectrograms and time-frequency distribution (TFD) analysis. Spectrogram (occasionally referred to as temporal frequency representation ( TFR )) is an appropriate means of presenting signals in the joint time-frequency domain. Since the property of signals is recorded as the result of TFR, it can simply locate the detection and approximated information about the signals in the spectrum. The application of a rule based classifier and a set of thresholds referred to in the IEEE Standard is used to identify and categorize 200 individual signals with a range of harmonic features. The recommended approach is examined with the help of MAPE, and the outcomes suggest that the method is accurate. Moreover, the spectrogram is able to give hundred percent classification of harmonic signals. The proposed method to detect and classified harmonic signals in the distribution system has been proved to be accurate, fast, and cost effective.

Keywords : Spectrogram, Time-frequency distributions, Classification technique, Detection, Harmonic signal, Power distribution

Author : Mohit Reddy

Title : Spectrograms to Distribute Power in Harmonic Signals

Volume/Issue : 2025;01(01)

Page No : 01-04

To have an efficient energy flow and accomplish voltage regulation, it is common to find taped transformers in the power system and in electronics. By optimizing their structure their thermal stability, energy losses and performance increase. Here, to achieve greater adaptability of loads, lower leakage inductance and better control of voltage, several modifications of design suggested in this article are investigated including optimum tap position, the type of core material and the winding schemes. A well-optimized tapped design of transformer has the promising capacity to enhance efficiency significantly and reduce operation-costs as revealed in simulation and laboratory investigation. The paper provides meaningful insights in the development of small, reliable and energy efficient transformers that could be used in smart grid and modern power electronic applications.

Keywords : Technological parameters, Tapped transformer, Geometrical parameters, High coupling coefficient, Quality factor

Author : Sohail

Title : Optimizing the Tapped Transformers Structure

Volume/Issue : 2025;01(01)

Page No : 05-09

In order to evaluate performance and optimize systems using solar energy, the properties of the photovoltaic (PV) cell need to be properly extracted. This study gives the measurement elements and techniques of computing significant PV features, such as short circuit, fill factor, efficiency and open-circuit voltage. Any of the methods include temperature-dependent analysis, impedance spectroscopy, current-voltage (I-V) curve tracing. Precision in measurement is enhanced through accurate sensing element, controlled lighting and data recording in real time. The functions in PV systems during these measurement techniques include efficient modelling, performance predictions as well as fault detection. The paper highlights the importance of proper methods of measurement on the enhancement of the photovoltaic technology functionality as well as design.

Keywords : Photo Voltaic Cell, Grid, Islanded, Silicon-Germanium

Author : Sumalatha and Swathi Priya

Title : Measurement Elements for the Extraction of Photovoltaic Cell Parameters

Volume/Issue : 2025;01(01)

Page No : 10-13

Pollution insulators are a serious problem to the safety operations of electric power networks. Leakage current sensing is often used on transmission line insulators to quantify pollution level. The present research shows the inference of pollution concentration on insulators via the simulated leakage current and voltage in a gearbox tower. The simulation parameters are fed based on the enhanced transmission line model with an insertion of leakage resistance currents between buses. Simulated leakage current and voltage between two buses are utilized at different locations in order to approximate the pollution level with the help of artificial neural network (ANN).

Keywords : Fuzzy logic, Neural networks, Pollution check sensors, Leakage current

Author : Aradhana and S Sushmitha

Title : Levels of Pollution to Enhance Transmission Line Model using ANN

Volume/Issue : 2025;01(01)

Page No : 14-18

Hybrid microgrids can offer a reliable and lasting energy solution to remote rural small settlements that lack access to centralized electricity. Hybrid microgrids ensure the provision of continuous electricity supply through the application of multiple renewable energy types (solar, wind, biomass, etc.) as well as contingency actions such as diesel generators or batteries. The plan is a low impact on the environment, powering the poor, and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. The microgrid architecture is modelled to suit the demand of the load as well as the availability of the resources at the local level, creating economic growth and energy efficiency. This paper focuses on the design, components and benefits of hybrid microgrids and demonstrates how decentralized and clean generation of power can transform rural electrification and lead to resiliency within a community.

Keywords : Smart grid system, Battery storage system, Islanded grid system, Neural networks, Fuzzy logic

Author : Srikanth

Title : A Small Rural Village Energy Source: A Hybrid Microgrid

Volume/Issue : 2025;01(01)

Page No : 19-22

The Demand Side Management (DSM) is necessary to enhance the sustainability, reliability and efficiency of modern power systems. DSM can be considered as well able to balance the market, reduce the peak loads and reduce the necessity of cost of infrastructure investments by acting beforehand and altering the consumer-side energy intensities. Depending on the existing circumstances and cost indicators various measures such as load shifting, peak clipping, valley filling, and energy saving are employed to optimize the utilization of electric power. The dynamic role of the end user can include integrating smart meters, automated control as well as the responsive appliance to enhance the stability of the grid and eventual reduction in the cost of operations. DSM also lowers hybridization of the integration of renewable energy sources by regulating fluctuation and ensuring flexibility in demand profile. This paper discusses a number of DSM strategies and how they are implemented in commercial, industrial and residential segments as well as their impact on grid performance and energy efficiency. In sum, the transition to smart, resilient and low-carbon energy should not be made without DSM.

Keywords : Demand side management, Home area network, Deregulated power system, Smart grid, Particle swarm optimization

Author : Hima Bindu

Title : Utilizing Demand Side Management to Power Systems

Volume/Issue : 2025;01(01)

Page No : 23-27